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有时你也许想要给一个网卡多个地址。你该怎么做呢？另外买一个网卡来分配地址？在小型网络中其实不用这么做。我们现在可以在CentOS/RHEL 7中给一个网卡分配多个ip地址。想知道怎么做么？好的，跟随我，这并不难。
首先，让我们找到网卡的IP地址。在我的CentOS 7服务器中，我只使用了一个网卡。
用root特权运行下面的命令：
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| 1 | ip addr |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link /loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1 /8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1 /128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link /ether 08:00:27:80:63:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.150 /24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever |
如上所见，我的网卡名是enp0s3，ip地址是192.168.1.150。
如你所知，网卡的配置文件存储在 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ 目录下。每个网卡的详细内容将会以不同的名字存储，比如ifcfg-enp0s3。
让我们看下ifcfg-enp0s3的细节。
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| 1 | cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | TYPE= "Ethernet" BOOTPROTO= "none" DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" IPV6INIT= "yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF= "yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" NAME= "enp0s3" UUID= "e9f9caef-cb9e-4a19-aace-767c6ee6f849" ONBOOT= "yes" HWADDR= "08:00:27:80:63:19" IPADDR0= "192.168.1.150" PREFIX0= "24" GATEWAY0= "192.168.1.1" DNS1= "192.168.1.1" IPV6_PEERDNS= "yes" IPV6_PEERROUTES= "yes" |
好的，现在我们将在相同的子网中分配多个地址了。
编辑文件 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3：
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| 1 | vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 |
像下面那样加入额外的IP地址。
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | TYPE= "Ethernet" BOOTPROTO= "none" DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" IPV6INIT= "yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF= "yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" NAME= "enp0s3" UUID= "933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0" ONBOOT= "yes" HWADDR= "08:00:27:3F:AB:68" IPADDR0= "192.168.1.150" IPADDR1= "192.168.1.151" IPADDR2= "192.168.1.152" PREFIX0= "24" GATEWAY0= "192.168.1.1" DNS1= "192.168.1.1" IPV6_PEERDNS= "yes" IPV6_PEERROUTES= "yes" |
如你所见，我已经加了两个IP地址：IPADDR1=”192.168.1.151″ & IPADDR2=”192.168.1.152″
类似地，你可以加入更多的ip地址。
最后，保存并退出文件。重启网络服务来使更改生效。
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| 1 | systemctl restart network |
现在，让我们检查是否已经加入了ip地址。
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| 1 | ip addr |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | : lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link /loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1 /8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1 /128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link /ether 08:00:27:3f:ab:68 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.150 /24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.151 /24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.152 /24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe3f:ab68 /64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever |
如你所见，单个网卡已经有3个ip地址了。
让我们ping一下新增的IP地址：
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| 1 | ping -c 4 192.168.1.151 |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | PING 192.168.1.151 (192.168.1.151) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time =0.048 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time =0.075 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time =0.077 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time =0.077 ms --- 192.168.1.151 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms rtt min /avg/max/mdev = 0.048 /0 .069 /0 .077 /0 .013 ms |
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| 1 | ping -c 4 192.168.1.152 |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | PING 192.168.1.152 (192.168.1.152) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time =0.034 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time =0.075 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time =0.073 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time =0.075 ms --- 192.168.1.152 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms rtt min /avg/max/mdev = 0.034 /0 .064 /0 .075 /0 .018 ms |
如果你想要使用不同的子网，你要改变PREFIX0=24成不同的子网，比如 PREFIX1=16。
比如，我想要添加一个A类地址（*比如10.0.0.1）到我的网卡中。
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | TYPE= "Ethernet" BOOTPROTO= "none" DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" IPV6INIT= "yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF= "yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE= "yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL= "no" NAME= "enp0s3" UUID= "933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0" ONBOOT= "yes" HWADDR= "08:00:27:3F:AB:68" IPADDR0= "192.168.1.150" IPADDR1= "192.168.1.151" IPADDR2= "192.168.1.152" IPADDR3= "10.0.0.1" PREFIX0= "24" PREFIX1=16 GATEWAY0= "192.168.1.1" DNS1= "192.168.1.1" IPV6_PEERDNS= "yes" IPV6_PEERROUTES= "yes" |
你可以看到我已经添加一个A类地址(10.0.0.1)并且前缀是16。
保存并退出文件。重启网络服务，接着，ping新增的地址：
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| 1 | ping -c 4 10.0.0.1 |
示例输出：
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time =0.097 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time =0.073 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time =0.074 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time =0.075 ms --- 10.0.0.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min /avg/max/mdev = 0.073 /0 .079 /0 .097 /0 .014 ms |
相似地，你可以添加不同的网关。
